The failure of the non co-operation movement had led to the revival of the revolutionary movement. The Hindustan Republican Association was founded in 1924 to organize an armed revolution. The Government struck at it by arresting a large number of youth and trying them in the Kakori Conspiracy Case[1925]. The revolutionaries soon came under the influence of socialist ideas, and in 1928, under the leadership of Chandra Shekar Azad the name of their organization to the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association[HSRA]. Lala Lajpat Rai died as a result of the lathi blows. This enraged the youth and on 17 December 1928, Bhagath Singh, Azad and Rajaguru assassinated Sounders, the British police officer who had led the lathicharge. On 8 April 1929, Bhaghat Singh and B.K.Dutt threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly. The bomb did not harm anyone, for it was deliberately made harmless. The aim was not to kill but “to make the deaf hear”.
In Bengal too revolutionary activities were revived. In April 1930, a well planned and large-scale armed raid was organized on the government armoury at Chittagong under the leadership of Surya Sen. Aremarkable aspect of the terrorist movement was the participation of young women.
The government struk hard at the revolutionaries. Many of them were arrested and tried in a series of cases. The statements of the young revolutionaries in the courts and their fearless attitude won the sympathy of the people. As political prisoners they demanded an honourable and descent tratment in jail.During the course of this hunger strike, Jathin Das achieved martyrdom after a 63-day long epic fast. The government hanged Bhaghat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru on 23 March 1931.
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